Book

Description

This book presents a comprehensive study on the optimization of materials used in passive proton therapy nozzles, with particular emphasis on range modulation wheels and scattering foils. Passive scattering proton therapy can generate unwanted neutrons and secondary particles when high-energy protons interact with conventional high-Z materials such as brass and tungsten. These secondary particles may contribute to unnecessary radiation dose to healthy tissues and increase long-term patient risks. Using TOPAS Monte Carlo simulations, this study evaluates alternative low-Z and composite materials for proton therapy nozzle components. The research compares neutron yields, neutron energy spectra, secondary particle production, and the effects of material selection on therapeutic proton beam quality. The findings aim to identify viable material alternatives that can reduce neutron contamination while maintaining the effectiveness of proton treatment. The work contributes to the advancement of safer and more efficient proton therapy systems and provides useful insights for radiation oncology instrumentation, medical physics, and proton therapy technology, particularly in resource-limited settings.